سازوکارهای توسعۀ کشاورزی چندکارکردی: کاربرد الگوسازی ساختاری تفسیری (ISM)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

3 استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

توسعۀ کشاورزی چندکارکردی به‌عنوان رهیافت نوین توسعۀ پایدار روستایی نیازمند برخورداری از الگوی فرایندی است که بتواند عوامل مؤثر بر توسعۀ آن را به‌صورت گام‌به‌گام شرح دهد. هدف پژوهش حاضر، تبیین سازوکارهای توسعۀ کشاورزی چندکارکردی (MFA) با استفاده از تکنیک الگوسازی ساختاری تفسیری (ISM) در شهرستان دهلران به‌عنوان قطب تولید استان ایلام است. از بین کارشناسان و صاحب‌‌نظران توسعۀ کشاورزی، از 10 نفر به‌صورت هدفمند مصاحبۀ عمیق و نیمه‌‌ساختارمند شد. پس از تکمیل مصاحبه‌‌ها و تحلیل محتوا به کمک نرم‌افزار MAX-QDA در شش گام از تکنیک الگوسازی ساختاری تفسیری و تکنیک MICMAC، مراحل توسعۀ کشاورزی چندکارکردی، تعیین سطح عوامل، روابط درونی بین هرکدام از عوامل مؤثر و طراحی سازوکار توسعۀ کشاورزی چندکارکردی انجام شد. براساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، توسعۀ کشاورزی چندکارکردی مستلزم اجرای عواملی مانندِ سیاست‌های حمایتی دولت، تقویت زیرساخت و بهبود وضعیت اقتصادی در وهلۀ اول است. درحقیقت این عوامل با قرارگرفتن در چهارمین گروه از تقسیم‌بندی MICMAC، در حکم ریشه و در پایین‌ترین سطح الگوی ISM عمل کردند که از بین آن‌ها، عامل سیاست‌های حمایتی به‌عنوان پایۀ الگوی مؤثر بر اجرای کارکردهای قابل‌توسعه در کشاورزی قرار گرفت؛ بنابراین بایستی در اولویت توجه برای اجرایی‌کردن قرار بگیرند. به‌عبارتی‌دیگر در سایۀ حمایت‌های دولت می‌توان زیرساخت‌های مرتبط با کشاورزی و اقتصاد منطقه را تقویت کرد. سپس با ایجاد رونق اقتصادی می‌توان تقویت سایر عوامل مؤثر ازجمله عوامل زیست‌محیطی، عوامل اجتماعی، ارتقای دانش و مهارت، ساماندهی اراضی و مدیریت امور آب را که دارای قدرت هدایت و وابستگی زیادی بودند، تسهیل کرد. الگوی فرایندی طراحی‌شده به‌صورت جامع دربرگیرندۀ مراحل، ترتیب، توالی و ارتباط بین عوامل مؤثر اجرایی است که می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک راهنما و نقشۀ راه مورداستفادۀ سیاست‌گذاران و مدیران امر توسعۀ کشاورزی در راستای برنامه‌ریزی برای توسعۀ نظام‌اند کشاورزی چندکارکردی و رسیدن به توسعۀ پایدار متناسب با شرایط منطقه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Multifunctional Agricultural Development Mechanisms: Application of Interpretive Structural (ISM)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahbubeh Kheirollahi 1
  • Amirhossein Alibaygi 2
  • Farahnaz Rostami 3
1 Ph.D in agricultural development, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Razi University
چکیده [English]

Multifunctional agricultural development as a new approach to sustainable development requires a process model that can explain the factors affecting its development in a step-by-step manner. The purpose of this study is to design a process model of MFA development in Dehloran Township (Ilam province) using an interpretive structural modeling approach. The study population was purposefully selected from 10 multifunctional agricultural experts in one of the western regions of Iran, Dehloran Township. Data were collected using in-depth and semi-structured interviewin and content analysis with the help of MAX-QDA software in six steps of ISM technique, MFA development steps, determining the level of factors, internal relationships between each of the effective factors and designing a process model were performed. According to the obtained results, the development of multifunctional agriculture requires the implementation of government support policies, strengthening the infrastructure and improving the economic situation in the first place. In fact, by being in the fourth group of the MICMAC classification, these factors acted as the root and at the lowest level of the ISM model, among which, the factor of government support policies became the basis of the model affecting the implementation of extensible functions in agriculture. Then, by creating economic prosperity, which had a lot of guidance and dependence. The process model can be used as a guide and roadmap for policymakers and managers of agricultural development in order to plan for the development of multifunctional agricultural systems and achieve sustainable development in accordance with regional conditions To be placed

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Multifunctional agriculture
  • Interpretive structural modeling (ISM)
  • MICMAC technique
  • Dehloran
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