Plausible Scenarios of the Peri-Urban Economy of Tehran Metropolis in the Post-covid19 Era (Case study: Central district of Ray County)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Postdoc of Human Geography, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Human Geography, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The outbreak of the Corona epidemic has left various effects on the economic situation of the world, especially the local economy and among them the rural economy. Therefore, the economy of the villages in the outskirts of Tehran metropolis has also been affected by the effects of this epidemic and will see changes in the future. Considering the multi-functional role of the villages of Ray County in providing food security for the citizens of Tehran metropolis, development policies in the post-corona era in such spaces should focus on sustainable development and livelihood goals. Also, in order to achieve the goals of sustainable development and economic resilience in this area, it is necessary to compile scenarios for the rural economy in the post-corona era in order to form the basis for strategic decision-making in the future in this field. Based on the obtained results, the most important drivers and key factors affecting the rural economy in the studied area in order of importance; Marginalization, commodification of land, destruction of agricultural land, reduction of investment in the agricultural sector, diversification of economic activities, increase in urban sprawl, increase in inflation, reduction of labor force and the occurrence of Corona epidemic. Finally, based on these drivers, three scenarios were drawn for the economy of the villages in the central part of Ray County in the post- covid19 era outbreak, including the optimistic scenario, the continuation of the existing trend, and the disaster scenario; With this rationale, by illustrating these scenarios, a suitable platform for decision-making and sustainable future planning will be provided in the field of facing wild cards such as the Corona disease, in the scope of the study.

Keywords


Amer, M., Daim, T. U., & Jetter, A (2013). A review of scenario planning. Futures, 46, 23-40.
Afrakhte, H (2017). Rural Geography of Iran. 2th edition, Tehran: Samt Publications (in Persian).
Abusaada, H., & Elshater, A (2022). COVID-19’s challenges to urbanism: social distancing and the phenomenon of boredom in urban spaces. Journal of urbanism: International research on placemaking and urban sustainability, 15(2), 258-260.
Ascani, A., Faggian, A., & Montresor, S (2021). The geography of COVID‐19 and the structure of local economies: The case of Italy. Journal of Regional Science, 61(2), 407-441.
Bishop, P., Hines, A., & Collins, T (2007). The current state of scenario development: an overview of techniques. foresight, 9(1), 5-25.
Dadvarkhani, F., & mousavi, S (2022). The analysis of the effect of COVID19 on the rural economy. Human Geography Research, 54(1), 391-413 (in Persian)
Forouzandeh Dehkordi, L., Arani, A., & Jandaghian, S (2013). Area planning using scenario-based planning (explanation of the landscape model of Kashan region). Journal of Regional Planning, 1(3), 39-56 (in Persian).
Johnson, T. G (2001). The rural economy in a new century. International Regional Science Review, 24(1), 21-37.
Hekmatnia, H., Mousavi, M (2018). The application of models in geography with an emphasis on urban and regional planning. 3th edition, Yazd, Elm Novin Publications (in Persian).
OECD (2020). Policy Implications of Coronavirus Crisis for Rural Development. OECD Publishing.
OECD (2020). Strategic Foresight for the COVID-19 Crisis and Beyond: Using Futures Thinking to Design Better Public Policies. In: OECD Publishing Paris, France.
Priya, S. S., Cuce, E., & Sudhakar, K (2021). A perspective of COVID 19 impact on global economy, energy and environment. International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 14(6), 1290-1305.
Padmaja, R., Nedumaran, S., Jyosthnaa, P., Kavitha, K., Abu Hatab, A., & Lagerkvist, C. J (2022). COVID-19 impact on household food security in urban and peri-urban areas of Hyderabad, India. Frontiers in public health, 920.
PURPLE.( 2020). Peri-urban areas and Covid-19: Impacts, challenges, recovery and opportunities.
Ryser, L., & Halseth, G (2010). Rural economic development: A review of the literature from industrialized economies. Geography Compass, 4(6), 510-531.
Rogerson, J. M (2021). Tourism business responses to South Africa's covid-19 pandemic emergency. Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites, 35(2), 338-347.
Rabiee, H., Takrosta M (2021). Investigating and Explaining the Effects of Corona on the Economy of Rural Areas, Case Study: Upper Eshkevar Village. Pos, 3 (3):148-162 (in Persian)
Rahnama, M., Maroufi, A (2014). Scenario planning in urban and regional studies (concepts, methods and experiences). Mashhad, Publications of Mashhad Islamic Council Research Center (in Persian).
Zinchuk, T., Kutsmus, N., Kovalchuk, O., & Charucka, O (2018). Challenges of sustainable development of rural economy. Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development, 40(4), 609-619.
Cox, K. R(2020). Local Economic Development, Politics of, International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, 2nd edition, Volume 8,  207-211.
Malek, M. A., Sonobe, T., & Truong, H. T.) 2021). Changes in the rural economy in Bangladesh under COVID-19 lockdown measures: Evidence from a phone survey of Mahbub Hossain sample households.
Marsac, C., Jacobs, N., & Mebratu-Tsegaye, T (2021). COVID-19 and land-based investment: changing landscapes. Available at SSRN 3900783.
Mehta, V (2020). The new proxemics: COVID-19, social distancing, and sociable space. Journal of urban design, 25(6), 669-674.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13574809.2020.1785283

Mahdavi, M (2016). An Introduction to Rural Geography in Iran (Vol. 1): The Study of Rural Geographical circumstances. 13th edition, Tehran: Samt Publications (in Persian).

Mansouri, Isa., Mansour Kiaei, R, & Mahmoudi Sefidkohi, H (2019). A New Rural Development Paradigm for the 21st Century .A Toolkit for Developing Countries (OECD). 1th edition, Tehran: Rasa Publications (in Persian).
Mousavi, M., Kahaki, F (2017). Future research in spatial planning: a look at the use of Micmac and Scenario Wizard software. 1th edition, Urmia: Urmia University Press (in Persian).
Nedae Tousi, S (2021). Foresighting Tehran’s Extra-territorial Jurisdiction using Scenario Writing Method. Urban Economics and Planning, 2(1), 45-66 (in Persian)
Nazimi Qadiri, A (1385). "Foresight from Concept to Implementation", Tehran, New Industries Center Publications, Ministry of Industries and Mines (in Persian).
Phillipson, J., Gorton, M., Turner, R., Shucksmith, M., Aitken-McDermott, K., Areal, F., ... & Shortall, S (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and its implications for rural economies. Sustainability, 12(10), 3973.
Rahnama, M., Maroufi, A (2014). Scenario planning in urban and regional studies (concepts, methods and experiences). Mashhad, Publications of Mashhad Islamic Council Research Center (in Persian).
Thilmany, D., Canales, E., Low, S. A., & Boys, K (2021). Local food supply chain dynamics and resilience during COVID‐19. Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 43(1), 86-104.
Taheri Demneh, M., Kazemi, M., & Heydari Darani, Z (2020). Three Plausible Stories of the Future of Isfahan; Urban Foresight with a Scenario Approach. Spatial Planning, 10(3), 1-22 (in Persian)
Saeidirad M., Azizpour F (2022). The key drivers affecting the reconstruction of the activity system of rural areas in the Post Covid-19(Case Study: Villages in the central District of Ray County). Serd, 11 (41):227-251 (in Persian).
Van der Heijden, K (2005). Scenarios: the art of strategic conversation. John Wiley & Sons.
Woodhill, J (2020). Responding to the impact of COVID-19 on rural people and food systems. IFAD, Switzerland.